Egyptian Mummification

The mummification process was very long and expensive .The people that took part during this were the scribe, the cutter, and the embalmer. The role of the scribe was to over see the cutting of the body. The cutter does the incision. The procedure was considered unclean, and limited their position in society. The embalmer was a type of priest that removed the internal organs and prepare the body. The process of mummification would take about two months, usually done at a workshop close to the person's tomb.

First the body is placed on a board. Then the brain was extracted through the nose. The brain cavity will then be filled with a mix of resin and linen. The chest will be cut open, and the main organs will be removed besides the heart. The organs will be stored in Canopic jars. The jars are usually in a set of four to respect for the sons of Horus. The body cavity will be washed and packed with natron, a natural dying substance in Egypt. The body will then dry for forty days, and then will be sewn back together. Then it is sealed with wax or metal. The body is then filled with linens, saw dust, salt or ash to keep the body hard.

The Rosetta Stone

The Rosetta Stone is a very important artifact of historical value. It helped decipher the Egyptian hieroglyphs. Before the nineteenth century no one could figure out how to translate the hieroglyphs. It was discovered in 1799 and made in year 196 BCE.The hieroglyphs were deciphered by 1822 by the British scientist Thomas Young and the French scholar Jean-François Champollion. It was originally discovered by the French. By a man name Captain Pierre-François Bouchard, who was a French army engineer. The French army surrendered to Napoleon's army. Then there was a dispute about who it belonged to, and Napoleon's army ended up taking possession of the Rosetta Stone.

Today the Rosetta Stone remains in the British Museum, where people can visit and see the display of the stone. It has been there since 1802. During the end of World War I in 1917 the Rosetta stone and other value objects were moved to a safe place because of the bombing in London. The stone spent two years during this time in Postal Tube Railway 50 feet below the ground of Holborn.It was again moved from the British museum in October 1972 for a display at the Louvre Museum. It was the 150th anniversary of the decipherment of hieroglyphic.

The Code of Hammurabi

The upper part of the stele of Hammurabi's code of laws was discovered in 1901 by the Egyptologist Gustav Jéquier. It was discovered in what is now Iran. Hammurabi ruled from 1796 BC – 1750 BC. They believed he was chosen by the gods to give the law to the people. He said "Anu and Bel called by name me, Hammurabi, the exalted prince, who feared God, to bring about the rule of righteousness in the land." The Babylonians had to follow the Code of Hammurabi. It was one of the several sets of laws in Ancient Ancient Middle East. Older sets of laws from the past are,Ur-Nammu, king of Ur in 2050 BC, the Laws of Eshnunna in 1930 BC and the codex of Lipit-Ishtar of Isin in 1870 BC.

The Babylonians and the countries next door developed the earliest system of economics that was in a legal code. It uses a metric of various commodities. A commodity is some good for which there is demand, but which is supplied without qualitative differentiation across a market. The law codes from Sumer could be the first written economic formula. It had things very similar today's society such as interest rates, fines for wrong doing, inheritance rules and how private property is to be taxed or divided.